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Get to know the flamenco forms
Alegrías
Bulerías
Cantiñas
Caña y Polo
Caracoles
Colombiana
Fandango
Granaína
Guajira
Jaleos
Malagueña
Martinete
Mirabrás
Romance
Rumba
Seguirilla
Sevillanas
Soleá
Tangos
Tanguillos
Taranto
Tientos
Verdiales
Zambra

Flamenco Forms
Granaína and media granaína
by Susana Navalón
Translated by Yasha Maccanico

(From Granada, a distortion of granadina, meaning from Granada). It is a fandango from Granada, stripped of any rhythm. It belongs to the category of the cantes del Levante (songs from the south-east of Spain, the Levant; originating in the mines and expressing deep suffering, their urban variations tend to refer to love, life and death) and like the malagueña, it is based on the structure of the fandango. The granaína usually has an introductory ayeo (melodic wailing using the word “ay”), which is not found in the media granaína. It is sung in a free style and is accompanied by a guitar in B due to its acute tonality. Its music is elegant and rests on adornment.

It has recently been performed in choreographed versions inspired by the dance of the taranto, among which the one by Granada's Eva la Hierbabuena is outstanding

Dance

Some authors claim that the granaína is not for dancing, that it is only for singing and playing, but nineteenth-century costumbrista writers (who focus on local customs and manners) testify that the original fandango from Granada used to involve dancing. It has also recently been interpreted in choreographic versions inspired by the dance of the taranto, among which the one by Granada's Eva la Hierbabuena, who finished it off in a verdiale style, is outstanding. The meter, like the one of the fandango, is in three beats, although its interpretation is free of rhythm:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

The guitar uses a distinctive transposed B major chord that provides it with an immediately recognisable sound.

Guitar
The guitar uses a distinctive transposed B major chord – leaving the sixth and first lingering in the air -, which provides it with an immediately recognisable sound, thanks to which one of the genre's most beautiful styles of guitar-playing was developed. It has the fandango's own peculiar scale, that is, it alternates the Andalusian and the major scale. The media granaína is played in a similar way as, although it is shorter, the same chords are used for its accompaniment, although it is less adorned.

 

Singing

It belongs to the category of the cantes de Levante and, according to most researchers, its origins may lie in the aflamencamiento (lit. flamencoisation; that is, changes that are undergone as a result of the influence of flamenco) of a popular fandango style from the province. It is difficult to perform and is characterised by the elegant intricacy of its melismatico (a style whereby a series of notes is sung over the same syllable) adornment and the complex tonal texture that flows between successive highs and lows. The media granaína is even more intricate and brilliant. Most experts credit Antonio Chacón, who was able to base his composition on the melody of the malagueña and spent a long period in Granada around 1890, with its creation. Manuel Vallejo, Marchena, Enrique Morente and Naranjito de Triana have been great performers of this style. The copla (poetic composition, in verse, used as lyrics) is made up of five rhyming eight-syllable verses, which often become six when they are sung due to the repetition of one of the first two of them, with the rhyme, usually consonant, found in the first, third and fifth lines.

Get to know the flamenco forms
Alegrías
Bulerías
Cantiñas
Caña y Polo
Caracoles
Colombiana
Fandango
Granaína
Guajira
Jaleos
Malagueña
Martinete
Mirabrás
Romance
Rumba
Seguirilla
Sevillanas
Soleá
Tangos
Tanguillos
Taranto
Tientos
Verdiales
Zambra

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Paso a Paso.
Flamenco Forms
1
Sevillanas
2
Alegrías
3
Soleá
4
Bulerías
5 Soleá por bulerías
6 Farruca
7 Tangos
8 Guajira
9 Tanguillo
10 Caracoles
11 Garrotín
12 Caña
13 Tientos

Didactic CDs
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Escuela de flamenco

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